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“The Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, was told that I (Abdullah ibn Amr) had said, ‘I shall fast each day and spend the whole night in voluntary prayer as long as I live.’ The Prophet, praise and peace be upon him, asked me, ‘Are you the one who said this?’ I replied, ‘Indeed, I said it O Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, may my father and mother be your ransom.’ He said. ‘You will not be able to sustain this. You can fast but with breaks in between, and you can get up for voluntary prayer, but you should also sleep. Fast three days a month, and as the value of a good deed is tenfold this is equal to fasting for ever.’ I said, ‘I am strong enough to do better than that.’ He said. ‘Then fast one day out of every three.’ I said, ‘I am strong enough to do even better than that.’ He said, ‘Well, fast one day and not the next. This was the fast of David and it is the most fine.’ I said, ‘I am strong enough to do better than that.’

The Prophet, praise and peace be upon him, replied, ‘There is nothing better than this.’ Now I wish that I had accepted the advice of the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him, that I fast three days a month. This would be dearer to me than my children and my wealth.”

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I have been told that you observe the fast every day and stand for voluntary prayer throughout the night? I said, ‘That is so, Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him.’ He said, ‘Do not do this. Fast and then leave it; sleep and then stand in prayer. Your body has a right, your eyes have a right, your wife has a right and your guest has a right. It is sufficient if you fast for three days a month because every good deed has a tenfold value and this way of fasting is equal to fasting for ever.’ But I was hard on myself and so hardship was imposed upon me. I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah, praise and peace be upon him, I feel strong.’ He said, ‘Then observe the fast of David, the Prophet of Allah, and do not add to it.’ I asked, ‘What was the fast of David?’ He replied, ‘Half the time.’ When Abdullah became old he would say, ‘Alas, how I wish I had accepted the first waiver of the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him,”

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Your son has a right.

We are also informed:

Whosoever fasts all the time, is considered never to have fasted. This was repeated thrice.

The fast most acceptable to Allah is the fast of David, and the prayer most acceptable to Allah is the prayer of David. He slept half the night, then stood in prayer one third of it and then slept again one sixth. He would fast one day and not the next. He never retreated in the face of the enemy.

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My father had married me to a woman from good family and would inquire from his daughter-in-law about me. She would say, ‘A fine man indeed. Since I have come to him he has not lain down in our bedding nor has he withdrawn a cover.’ When this continued for some time my father mentioned the matter to the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him, He told my father, ‘Send him to me.’ So I went to him. He asked me: ‘How often do you fast?’ I replied, ‘Each day.’ Then he asked me. ‘How often do you conclude the reciting of the Koran?’ I replied, ‘Once a night.’ Then followed that which has already been who related. When Abdullah became old he recited one seventh of his nightly recitation to some members of his family during the day to lighten his task at night. When he needed relief from the fast, he would fast alternate days for a few days and make up the number of fasts he had missed later on least he should leave the practice that the Prophet, praise and peace be upon him, him doing.

Bukhari and Muslim with a chain up to Abdullah son of Amr son of Al 'As related this.