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English_Boxer_Muhammad_Ali_Prayer_Book, page : 455
NAFL: A voluntary act; extra, above and beyond the obligatory
(fard). The Nafl prayer is recommended. Prophet Muhammad
offered two rak'ahs in prayer before Subh, two before and two
after Zuhr, two before 'Asr, two after Maghrib, two before Isha,
and three after Isha (Shaf and Witr). Each one of the above men-
tioned rak'ahs (offered by Prophet Muhammad are known as
Ratibah (parallel).
NIYYAH: The intention, aim or purpose of doing a thing.
QA'DAH (QU'UD): Literally, sitting. The sitting position in
which the Tashahhud is recited. The position of qa'dah is assumed
with the toes of the right foot touching the ground, and the left
hide of the left foot in contact with the ground. The hands rest
palms down on the thighs, with the fingers extending to the ends of
the knees. Qa'dah is not to be confused with jalsah, which is the
sitting position assumed between the two prostrations of each
rak'ah of prayer.
(fard). The Nafl prayer is recommended. Prophet Muhammad
offered two rak'ahs in prayer before Subh, two before and two
after Zuhr, two before 'Asr, two after Maghrib, two before Isha,
and three after Isha (Shaf and Witr). Each one of the above men-
tioned rak'ahs (offered by Prophet Muhammad are known as
Ratibah (parallel).
NIYYAH: The intention, aim or purpose of doing a thing.
QA'DAH (QU'UD): Literally, sitting. The sitting position in
which the Tashahhud is recited. The position of qa'dah is assumed
with the toes of the right foot touching the ground, and the left
hide of the left foot in contact with the ground. The hands rest
palms down on the thighs, with the fingers extending to the ends of
the knees. Qa'dah is not to be confused with jalsah, which is the
sitting position assumed between the two prostrations of each
rak'ah of prayer.