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respected for his upright character. He loved his fellow tribesmen and sort ways
in which he could ease their harsh life. Caravan journeys across the hot and
dangerous desert were a necessity to the existence of the Koraysh, however,
they were often attacked, robbed and killed, and this grieved Hashim.

It was because of these dangers that Hashim visited and struck alliances with
neighboring tribes and tribes along the all important southern trade routes to
Yemen, and also the northern trade routes to part of the Roman Empire which
was, in those days, called Al Shams. Today, we know Al Shams as Syria,
Lebanon, Jordan and Palestine.

Now that he had accomplished this important task caravans were able to move
freely about the country without fear of attack. It was indeed a very great
achievement; no other chieftain had been able to secure such successful,
peaceful treaties.

Hashim and the Emperor of Rome became friends and it was through this
friendship that the Koraysh became exempt from the payment of trade taxes to
the Roman Empire. Even though Hashim did not accompany many of the