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In due course, a group of theologians performed the task to which Allah
invited them; they successfully preserved traditions, defended the religion
received from the Prophetic source and destroyed heretical innovations.
Nevertheless in doing so, they based their proofs on what they took from
their opponents, which they were compelled to admit by naive belief (taqlid),
or the consensus of the community, or bare acceptance of the Koran and
Prophetic Sayings. For the most part they were devoted to making the
contradictions of their opponents clear and criticizing them in respect to the
logical consequences of what they said.

This was of little use for someone who acknowledges nothing except the
logically obvious. Theology was not adequate to my case and was unable
to cure my malady. Though, when theology appeared as a recognized
discipline and efforts had been spent over time, the theologians became
very deep in their defense of traditions by studying what things are and
embarked on a study of things and events and their nature and properties.
But, since that was not the aim of their science, they did not deal with the
question thoroughly in their thinking and consequently did not arrive at