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Treatment
Mastitis must be treated as soon as it is discovered. Mammary infusions for dairy cows work well. Insert a syringe into the teat opening to squirt into the affected quarter. Ask your vet, some medications are to be given once a day others twice.

Milk out as much as you can. It may be lumpy, infected milk or abnormal fluid. Having done this inject the medication. Milk it out at least twice a day until the infection clears up and the quarter is producing normal milk again. If a cow is at all sick, off feed or runs a fever, give her a systemic antibiotic and continue until she recovers. MASTITIS CAN BE VERY SERIOUS, CONSULT YOUR VET FOR EACH CASE.

HARDWARE DISEASE
Cattle have been known to consume foreign material with food such as small pieces of wire or stones. This can cause serious injury if they push through the gut lining. When this happens, the bacteria from the digestive tract get into the abdominal cavity creating infection called peritonitis, which is an infection in the abdominal cavity, and this may kill the cow. Sharp objects have also been known to penetrate organs such as lungs and heart.

A cow with this disease goes off her feed, may have a high fever and breathing problems, it may stand humped up with pain, or breathe with grunting sounds. If the problem is in its early stages and no organs have been damaged you may save the cow by giving her a strong magnet - that is a long smooth one put down her throat with balling gun, and administering antibiotics until she recovers. The magnet attracts and holds metal objects in the stomach away from gut walls even during digestive action. IT IS IMPORTANT TO MAKE SURE YOUR YARDS/PASTURES ETC ARE FREE FROM JUNK, NAILS, BROKEN WIRE. MAKE SURE THAT BAILED FODER DO NOT HAVE PIECES OF WIRE IN IT.

BLADDER STONES – URINARY CALCULI
Feeds high in phosphorus, silicates and oxalates found in certain plants can cause cattle to develop urinary stones or the stones may develop on account of insufficient fluids in cold weather. If cattle are short on fluids there is the danger that salts in urine may form crystals because the urine is thick and concentrated. The crystals can clump together and create stones - that is hard masses of mineral salts and tissue cells that block urinary passages and cause pain. Steers and bulls are most at risk.

The symptoms of bladder stones are abdominal pain, kicking at the belly, standing stretched, licking the belly, treading with hind feet, switching the tail, grinding the teeth and trying to urinate without success or dribbling small amounts of urine. When these signs are noticed call your vet for an examination. The danger is that if blockage is complete the bladder or urinary passage may rupture causing urine to collect in the abdomen which in turn causes toxemia and death within