Allah instructs Prophet Muhammad to pray towards the Sacred Mosque in Mecca 2:142-145
2:142 The fools among the people will say, 'What has made them turn away from the direction they were facing?' Say, 'The east and the west belong to Allah. He guides whom He will to the Straight Path.'
Allah made the followers of Islam to be a median nation, not a fanatical nation 2:143-144
2:143 And so We have made you a median nation, in order that you will be a witness above the people, and that the Messenger be a witness above you. We did not change the direction that you were facing except that We might know who followed the Messenger from him who turned on both his heels. Though it was a hardship except for those whom Allah has guided. But Allah would never waste your faith. Indeed, Allah is Gentle with people, the Most Merciful.
2:144 We have seen you turning your face towards the heaven, We shall surely turn you to a direction that shall satisfy you. So turn your face towards the Sacred Mosque (built by Abraham); wherever you are, turn your faces to it. ' Those to whom the Book was given know this to be the truth from their Lord. Allah is not inattentive of what they do.
2:145 But even if you brought those to whom the Book had been given every proof, they would not accept your direction, nor would you accept theirs; nor would any of them accept the direction of the other. If after all the knowledge you have been given you yield to their desires, then you will surely be among the harm doers.